Học Tiếng Anh cùng Kaldi | Giai Đoạn 1: A1 → A2 (Nền tảng cơ bản)

STT	Từ vựng	Nghĩa	Học sâu
1	Hello	Xin chào	Bấm để học
2	Weather	Thời tiết	Bấm để học
3	Challenge	Thử thách	Bấm để học
4	Incredible	Không thể tin nổi	Bấm để học
5	Resilience	Sự kiên cường	Bấm để học

Thì quá khứ đơn (Past Simple)

🧠 1. Cách dùng thì hiện tại đơn

Thì Hiện tại đơn được dùng để diễn tả:

STT	SỬ DỤNG / VÍ DỤ
1	Thói quen hoặc hành động lặp đi lặp lại ở hiện tại: 👉 I get up at 6 AM every morning. (Tôi thức dậy lúc 6 giờ sáng mỗi ngày.) 👉 She often goes to the library on weekends. (Cô ấy thường đến thư viện vào cuối tuần.)
2	Sự thật hiển nhiên, chân lý luôn đúng: 👉 The Earth goes around the Sun. (Trái Đất quay quanh Mặt Trời.) 👉 Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. (Nước sôi ở 100 độ C.)
3	Lịch trình, thời gian biểu (tàu, xe, phim ảnh, chương trình...) 👉 The train leaves at 7 PM. (Chuyến tàu rời đi lúc 7 giờ tối.) 👉 The meeting starts at 9 AM tomorrow. (Cuộc họp bắt đầu lúc 9 giờ sáng mai.)
4	Trạng thái, cảm xúc, suy nghĩ, sở hữu ở hiện tại (thường dùng với các động từ chỉ trạng thái như: be, know, understand, believe, like, love, hate, want, need, have...): 👉 He is tired. (Anh ấy mệt.) 👉 They understand the problem. (Họ hiểu vấn đề.) 👉 I have two brothers. (Tôi có hai người anh em trai.)

🛠 2. Cấu trúc câu

Dạng câu	Động từ	Cấu trúc	Ví dụ
✅ Khẳng định	Với động từ "to be" (là, thì, ở)	👉 I + am 👉 He/She/It + is 👉 You/We/They + are	👉 I am a student. 👉 She is happy. 👉 They are doctors.
✅ Khẳng định	Với động từ thường	👉 I/You/We/They + V (nguyên thể) 👉 He/She/It + V(s/es)	👉 We play football. 👉 She plays the piano.
❌ Phủ định	Với động từ "to be" (là, thì, ở)	👉 I + am not 👉 He/She/It + is not (isn't) 👉 You/We/They + are not (aren't)	👉 I am not tired. 👉 He isn't here. 👉 We aren't late.
❌ Phủ định	Với động từ thường	👉 I/You/We/They + do not (don't) + V (nguyên thể) 👉 He/She/It + does not (doesn't) + V (nguyên thể)	👉 They don't watch TV often. 👉 He doesn't like fish.
❓ Nghi vấn	Với động từ "to be" (là, thì, ở)	👉 Am + I...? 👉 Is + he/she/it...? 👉 Are + you/we/they...? 🎯 Trả lời: Yes, S + am/is/are. / No, S + am not/isn't/aren't.	👉 Are you ready? → Yes, I am. 👉 Is she a teacher? → No, she isn't.
❓ Nghi vấn	Với động từ thường	👉 Do + I/you/we/they + V (nguyên thể)...? 👉 Does + he/she/it + V (nguyên thể)...? 🎯 Trả lời: Yes, S + do/does. / No, S + don't/doesn't. (Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi Wh-): Wh- + do/does + S + V (nguyên thể)...?	👉 Do you live here? → Yes, I do. 👉 Does he speak English? → No, he doesn't. 👉 Where do you live? What does she do?

📌 Ghi nhớ:

Dùng “s/es” cho động từ khi chủ ngữ là He/She/It
Dùng “do” cho I/You/We/They, “does” cho He/She/It

💬 3. Cách thêm -s/-es vào động từ

Kết thúc động từ	Quy tắc	Ví dụ
-o, -ch, -sh, -s, -x, -z	Thêm 'es' vào sau các động từ	go → goes, watch → watches, wash → washes, kiss → kisses, fix → fixes, buzz → buzzes
phụ âm + 'y'	đổi 'y' thành 'i' rồi thêm 'es'	study → studies, cry → cries, try → tries
nguyên âm (a, e, i, o, u) + 'y'	chỉ cần thêm 's'	play → plays, stay → stays, enjoy → enjoys
Hầu hết các động từ còn lại	chỉ cần thêm 's'	work → works, eat → eats, swim → swims, like → likes
Trường hợp đặc biệt	have → has	She has breakfast at 7 AM

📝 4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết (Các trạng từ thường đi kèm)

Thì Hiện tại đơn thường đi kèm với các trạng từ chỉ tần suất (adverbs of frequency):

always (luôn luôn), usually (thường xuyên), often (thường), sometimes (thỉnh thoảng), seldom, rarely (hiếm khi), never (không bao giờ).

Vị trí: Thường đứng trước động từ thường và sau động từ "to be".
Ví dụ: He often plays sports. She is always busy.

every day/week/month/year... (mỗi ngày/tuần/tháng/năm...), once/twice/three times a week/month... (một/hai/ba lần một tuần/tháng...)

Vị trí: Thường đứng ở cuối câu.
Ví dụ: I visit my grandparents every Sunday. He goes swimming twice a week.

📝 5. Lời khuyên để học tốt:

Hiểu rõ cách dùng: Nắm chắc khi nào cần sử dụng thì này.
Thuộc công thức: Ghi nhớ cấu trúc câu khẳng định, phủ định, nghi vấn với "to be" và động từ thường.
Luyện tập quy tắc thêm s/es: Làm bài tập để quen với việc chia động từ.
Đặt câu: Tự mình đặt các câu ví dụ cho mỗi cách dùng.
Làm bài tập: Tìm các bài tập về thì Hiện tại đơn để thực hành.
Sử dụng: Cố gắng áp dụng thì Hiện tại đơn khi nói hoặc viết về các thói quen, sự thật...

📝 6. Bài tập

Bài tập 1: Viết thành 3 dạng câu (khẳng định, phủ định, nghi vấn)

(he / read / book)
(they / play / football)
(I / like / tea)
(she / study / English)
(we / watch / TV)

Bài tập 2: Điền đúng động từ (thêm -s/es nếu cần)

Chọn từ trong ngoặc

She ______ (go) to school every day.
My brother ______ (like) pizza.
They ______ (not/live) in Hanoi.
______ you ______ (know) my friend?
The cat ______ (sleep) all day.

Bài tập 3: Sửa lỗi sai (nếu có)

He go to work by bus.
They plays basketball every Sunday.
My mother cook dinner every evening.
Does she likes chocolate?
We doesn’t have a car.

The Sky Is Blue!

My uncle sends me a picture. It’s a picture of a blue sky and white clouds.

“I am so happy to see the blue sky!” says my uncle.

I wonder why. “Isn’t the sky always blue?”

“No,” he says. “The sky in my city is often grey because there are too many cars.”

That’s why he is so excited!

Nghe bài đọc

Bầu Trời Màu Xanh!

Chú tôi gửi cho tôi một bức ảnh. Đó là một bức ảnh bầu trời xanh và những đám mây trắng.

“Chú rất vui khi thấy bầu trời xanh!” – chú tôi nói.

Tôi thắc mắc: “Chẳng phải bầu trời lúc nào cũng màu xanh sao?”

“Không,” chú nói. “Bầu trời ở thành phố của chú thường có màu xám vì có quá nhiều xe hơi.”

Đó là lý do khiến chú tôi phấn khích đến vậy!

Pre-listening Questions

Have you ever felt nervous or unsure about introducing yourself to someone new?
What’s the hardest part of introducing yourself - starting the conversation, keeping it going, or making a good impression?
Have you ever introduced yourself in a way that felt unnatural? What happened?
Do you change how you introduce yourself depending on the situation (e.g., meeting a friend vs. a job interview)? Why or why not?
What’s one thing you wish you could improve about the way you introduce yourself?

Vocabulary

No.	Word	Pronunciation	Definition	Example
1	Software developer	/ˈsɒf(t)weə dɪˈvɛləpə/	A person who creates computer programs and applications.	My brother is a software developer at a big tech company.
2	Specialize	/ˈspɛʃəlaɪz/	To focus on a specific area or subject.	She specializes in web design and coding.
3	Challenging	/ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/	Difficult but interesting and worth doing.	Learning a new language can be challenging but fun.
4	Rewarding	/rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/	Giving a good feeling or benefit.	Helping others is a very rewarding experience.
5	One-size-fits-all	/wʌn saɪz fɪts ɔːl/	Suitable for everyone in the same way.	There is no one-size-fits-all way to learn English.
6	Work as	/wɜːk æz/	To have a job in a specific role	He works as a teacher at a local school.
7	Come up with	/kʌm ʌp wɪð/	To think of an idea or solution.	She came up with a great idea for the project.
8	Play a huge role	/pleɪ ə hjuːdʒ rəʊl/	To be very important in something.	Technology plays a huge role in our daily lives.
9	Experiment with	/ɪkˈspɛrɪmənt wɪð/	To try new things to see what happens.	I like to experiment with different cooking styles.
10	Keep in touch	/kiːp ɪn tʌtʃ/	To continue communicating with someone.	Let’s keep in touch after you move to another city.

Transcript

Nathan: Welcome back to 8 Minute English on the Learn English Podcast!
I'm Nathan, and I'm happy to be here with you all.
So, picture this: You walk into a room full of new people.
Your heart’s racing, your mind’s blank, and suddenly, introducing yourself feels like the hardest thing in the world.
Sound familiar?
Yeah, we’ve all been there.
But what if I told you that introducing yourself doesn’t have to be awkward or stressful?
In fact, it can be fun, easy, and even make people remember you!
In today’s episode, we’re diving into the art of self-introduction—how to keep it simple, natural, and engaging.
We’ll break down practical tips, share fun examples, and maybe even challenge you to rethink how you introduce yourself.
So, whether you're meeting new friends, networking, or just want to make a great first impression, this episode is for you.
Up next, get ready to listen in on a real-life conversation between two people meeting for the first time.
No awkward pauses, no overthinking - just a smooth, natural introduction.
Let’s see how they do it!
And don’t forget, we’ve prepared a free PDF to help you review everything we discuss today.
So, grab your favorite snack and drinks, and let’s get started!
Jake: Hey there! Mind if I join you?
Lisa: Of course! I’m Lisa. Nice to meet you.
Jake: Nice to meet you too, Lisa.
I’m Jake. I just moved here a few months ago.
Lisa: Oh. Where are you from?
Jake: I’m originally from Chicago, but now I live here in Seattle.
I work as a software developer. How about you?
Lisa: I live here in Seattle too.
I work in marketing, mostly social media and branding.
Jake: That sounds interesting! Do you enjoy it?
Lisa: Yeah, I do! I love coming up with creative ideas and seeing how they connect with people.
Plus, I get to work with some really cool brands.
Jake: That’s awesome.
I’ve always been curious about marketing.
I mean, I work in tech, but I know marketing plays a huge role in everything we do.
Lisa: Yeah, definitely! And software development is fascinating too.
Do you specialize in anything?
Jake: Yeah, I focus on web development, mainly front-end design.
I love making websites look great and work smoothly.
Lisa: That’s cool! So, outside of work, what do you like to do for fun?
Jake: Oh, I love hiking!
Since moving here, I’ve been exploring different trails on the weekends.
Last week, I went to Rattlesnake Ledge, such an amazing view!
Lisa: I love hiking too.
Rattlesnake Ledge is beautiful. Have you tried Mount Si?
Jake: Not yet, but I’ve heard great things! Is it tough?
Lisa: It’s a little challenging, but totally worth it.
We should plan a hike sometime!
Jake: Alright. How about you - any hobbies or interests outside of work?
Lisa: Yeah, I love baking! Lately, I’ve been experimenting with making macarons.
Jake: Macarons? Wow, that sounds impressive.
I’ve always wanted to try baking, but I don’t think I have the patience.
Lisa: Haha, it does take patience, but it’s really rewarding when they turn out right.
Maybe I’ll bring some next time!
Jake: I’d love that! So, do you usually come to events like this?
Lisa: Yeah, I try to. It’s a great way to meet people and learn new things.
What about you?
Jake: Same here.
I’m still new in town, so I’m trying to meet people and get involved in different circles.
Lisa: That’s great! Well, welcome to Seattle, Jake.
It was really nice chatting with you.
Jake: Thanks, Lisa! I really enjoyed our conversation.
Lisa: Let’s keep in touch - maybe go for that hike or try some macarons!
Jake: Absolutely! Here, let me give you my contact info.
Nathan: So, what do you feel about the conversation?
Does it provide tips that you need for self-introduction?
If you haven't figured out, we will review the steps together!
Step one: Keep it simple.
No need for long, awkward speeches.
Just stick to the basics - your name, where you live, and what you do.
Like, “Hey, I’m Sarah. I live in New York, and I work as a graphic designer.”
There you go. Easy. Try practicing sentences like this daily!
Step two: Body language matters!
Smile, make eye contact, stand up straight.
You don’t need to look like a superhero - just look welcoming!
A warm smile can make things way less awkward.
Step three: Adapt to the situation.
Your introduction isn’t one-size-fits-all - adjust it based on where you are and who you’re talking to.
At a party? Keep it casual: “Hey, I’m Alex! I love hiking and trying new foods.”
Fun and relatable.
In a job interview? Stay professional: “I have five years of experience in marketing and specialize in growing businesses.”
Clear and confident.
Same person, different settings, different introductions.
You wouldn’t introduce yourself the same way to your boss as you would to a new gym buddy, right?
So, pay attention to the situation and adjust your intro to fit!
Step four: Be memorable. Add a fun fact!
Instead of just saying, “I’m Alex,” make it stick - “I love baking and recently tried making macarons.”
Now, you’re not just Alex - you’re the macaron person!
Sharing something unique gives people an easy way to remember you and makes conversations flow naturally.
Plus, it can lead to fun follow-up questions like, “Oh, what flavor did you make?”
Step five: Confidence is key.
You don’t have to be perfect - just clear and natural.
Speak at a steady pace, don’t rush, and avoid overthinking.
A small pause is fine - better than filling the space with “uhh” and “umm.”
And remember, people aren’t judging you as harshly as you think.
The more you practice, the more natural it will feel!
Final tip: Keep the conversation going!
A great introduction doesn’t just end, it sparks a conversation.
Instead of stopping after your intro, turn it into a two-way street.
Ask, “What about you? What do you like to do for fun?”
This keeps things engaging, helps you find common interests, and prevents those dreaded awkward silences.
The best introductions lead to real connections!
And that’s a wrap on today’s episode.
See? Introducing yourself doesn’t have to be awkward or stressful.
Keep it simple, add a personal touch, and most importantly - be you!
The more you practice, the easier it gets.
So go out there, introduce yourself, and start some great conversations.
You never know where a simple "Hi, I’m..." might lead!
Thanks for tuning in! If you found this helpful, don’t forget to subscribe and share it with a friend.
Until next time - stay confident, stay curious!

Comprehension Questions

What is the first step to introducing yourself?
Why should you keep your introduction simple?
What are some important body language tips when introducing yourself?
Why is it important to adjust your introduction based on the situation?
How should you introduce yourself at a party?
How should you introduce yourself in a job interview?
What is one way to make your introduction more memorable?
Why is confidence important when introducing yourself?
What should you do instead of saying "uhh" or "umm" when speaking?
How can you keep a conversation going after introducing yourself?

Post-listening Questions

What makes a self-introduction memorable, and how can you apply that in real life?
How does body language impact the way people perceive you when you introduce yourself?
Do you think self-introductions should always be short, or are there situations where a longer introduction is better? Why?
How can adding a personal detail (like a hobby or fun fact) make a difference in a conversation?
In what ways can a strong self-introduction open new opportunities in life, such as friendships, career growth, or networking?